Scoliosis is a deformity in which three-dimensional (sideways, forward-backwards, and rotational) deterioration of the spine occurs.
Scoliosis treatment should be individually designed based on the individual’s degree of scoliosis, symptoms, and overall health. Physical therapists often take a multifaceted approach to create a treatment plan that suits the individual’s needs and goals.
Scoliosis treatment requires a multidisciplinary team approach. This team includes a specialist physician, physiotherapist, patient, and family. The following methods to treat scoliosis are:
Observation and follow-up: In cases where scoliosis is mild (Cobb Angle below 10 degrees), doctors can observe the patient’s condition and check it regularly. The purpose of this is to monitor changes in curvature and determine if treatment is needed.
Exercises: If the Cobb angle is above 10 degrees, special exercises can be performed to support spinal health and strengthen the muscles. These exercises can help prevent the progression of scoliosis and relieve symptoms. The effectiveness of the Schroth Method three-dimensional scoliosis exercises in reducing the degree of scoliosis has been proven.
Corset treatment: In line with the follow-up of the specialist physician, a corset can be used to support the spine and correct the curvature in scoliosis, where the Cobb Angle is generally between 20—45 degrees. Another criterion for deciding the use of a corset is the child’s age. In girls, corset use is discontinued with the onset of the first menarche. Some diagnostic radiological methods, such as the Risser scale, are also used.
Surgical intervention: Generally (Cobb Angle is 45 degrees and above) or in cases where other treatment methods are ineffective, surgical intervention may be required. Surgical treatment usually aims to stabilize or straighten the spine.